![]() A gravity wall has limited height because it relies on the weight and setback of the block alone to resist the soil pressures behind the wall. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Gravity Wall A retaining wall that does not use soil reinforcement. Reference: Large Retaining Walls, Retaining Wall Terraces Grade Finished ground level. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, AB Grid, Large Roll Grid Global Stability Refers to the overall resistance to landslides or complete slope failure. Geogrid A manufactured high strength reinforcement grid material that comes in rolls of various sizes and strengths. This is the soil's natural tendency to resist movement. Friction Angle The measurement of the internal strength of the soil. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Foundation Pad A base pad of granular material, compacted and leveled to receive the base course of AB units. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Filter Fabric A geosynthetic material used to separate different soil types. Excavate the process of digging and moving the soil on a job site. Does not influence the structural integrity of the system. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Efflorescence The white chalky residue that can form on the face of a block. Drain Pipe Used to direct incidental water that makes its way in behind the reinforced mass, and vents it to daylight by creating a channel for the water to flow out from. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Diffracted Noise The bending of sound waves around obstacles in their path. ![]() Cut applications require removing soil to allow construction activities where fill applications requires adding soil to behind the wall. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Cut and Fill refers to the activities of handling the soil on a job site. (0.9 m) area directly behind the back of the block and extending toward the back of the excavated area. A vibrator is used to ensure that a pour is even and free of air bubbles so that the concrete will remain strong. Concrete Vibrator A concrete vibrator is a construction tool used on concrete pouring sites. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Compaction Zone The area located behind the consolidation zone that runs to the end of the area being disturbed by any construction activities. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Compaction The act of compressing and consolidating the soil used to construct the retaining wall. Clay soils are very moisture sensitive and will exert more pressure on a wall. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Clay Soils Soil that is composed of very fine or small particles that stick together. Chamfer A beveled or angled edge on the top and sides of the block. Cantilever A long projecting beam or girder fixed at only one end, used chiefly in bridge construction. Reference: AB Grid, Large Roll Grid Bond Beam Course or courses of the concrete fence that is grouted and usually reinforced in the horizontal direction. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Biaxial Refers to geogrids that have 100% of their design strength in both directions. Berm A raised soil area above the retaining wall that is used to divert water away from the retaining wall. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Base Rock Gravel in varying sizes of angular or smooth aggregates similar to the wall rock used in retaining walls or a road/ paver base type material. They can be used to distinguish between silt and clay, and it can distinguish between different types of silts and claysīase Material A base pad of granular material, compacted and leveled to receive the base course of blocks for wall construction. In each state, the consistency and behavior of a soil is different and consequently so are its engineering properties. Depending on the water content of the soil, it may appear in four states: solid, semi-solid, plastic and liquid. As soil falls off a conveyor to make a pile, the angle it creates represents the natural angle of repose.Ītterberg Limits The basic measure of the nature of a fine-grained soil. Reference: Landscape Retaining Walls, Large Retaining Walls Angle of Repose The stable angle that a pile of soil or a slope wishes to remain at. Commonly used to glue cap units into position. Definition List: Adhesive Exterior grade construction glue used to bind materials together.
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